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Exercise Page 128
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Corrections:
- Note 12 on Page 130 contains तोरः कोटरं, which should be तरोः कोटरं
- The vocabulary listing for the word भक्षयितुम् (Line 3 of the exercise on Page 128) refers to it as भक्षितुम् (infinitive of the Class I verb भक्ष्), whereas it should be भक्षयितुम् (infinitive of the same verb as Class X)
Locative Absolute
The locative absolute is a useful construction in Sanskrit formed by using a participle in seventh or locative case.
We are already accustomed to translating a PPP in first case without a main verb by supplying the appropriate form of the verb 'be'. For example "सैनिकाः हताः" would be translated as "soldiers were killed". If this phrase is converted into seventh case, "सैनिकेषु हतेषु" it is now translated as "when soldiers were killed".
Another adjective can be added to this locative absolute phrase, but a participle such as the PPP must be present. For example, "बहुषु सैनिकेषु हतेषु" can be translated as "when many soldiers were killed", but "बहुषु सैनिकेषु" on its own is simply "in many soldiers".
A pronoun can just as easily be used in a locative absolute phrase in place of a noun. For example, "तेषु हतेषु" means "when they were killed". Similarly, a locative absolute phrase can be made without any noun or pronoun. For example "एवं उक्ते" means "when it was thus told".
We are already accustomed to translating a PPP in first case without a main verb by supplying the appropriate form of the verb 'be'. For example "सैनिकाः हताः" would be translated as "soldiers were killed". If this phrase is converted into seventh case, "सैनिकेषु हतेषु" it is now translated as "when soldiers were killed".
Another adjective can be added to this locative absolute phrase, but a participle such as the PPP must be present. For example, "बहुषु सैनिकेषु हतेषु" can be translated as "when many soldiers were killed", but "बहुषु सैनिकेषु" on its own is simply "in many soldiers".
A pronoun can just as easily be used in a locative absolute phrase in place of a noun. For example, "तेषु हतेषु" means "when they were killed". Similarly, a locative absolute phrase can be made without any noun or pronoun. For example "एवं उक्ते" means "when it was thus told".
NOTE: A PPP in seventh case can form a locative absolute phrase, but it can also indicate mere location and be translated as 'in, on' as well. For example "सैनिकेषु हतेषु पुष्पाणि सिञ्चति" means "he scatters flowers on the killed soldiers".
Similarly, a noun in seventh case present within the locative absolute phrase may also be merely indicating location, and may not be part of the locative absolute phrase. For example "सैनिकेषु युद्धेषु हतेषु" means "when soldiers were killed in wars".
Similarly, a noun in seventh case present within the locative absolute phrase may also be merely indicating location, and may not be part of the locative absolute phrase. For example "सैनिकेषु युद्धेषु हतेषु" means "when soldiers were killed in wars".
